KsiRepublic of Tyva subject of the Russian Federation in the Siberian Federal District.
Tuva Republic is located in the geographical center of Asia.
In a harsh struggle with Turkic and Uighur Khanate Kyrgyz neighbors defend their independence until the XIII century, which became a turning point in the development of self-Sayan-Altai region.Kyrgyz power lost territory in Mongolia. Yenisei Kirghiz retained its two main array of settlement: 1) Upper and Middle Yenisei; 2) Altai and Irtysh. In the following ways Yenisei Kyrgyz ethnic and future Kirghiz Tien Shan dispersed.Oirats lived on the territory of modern Tuva, but they migrated south.1206 - Temujin, proclaimed Khan on the big kurultai united Mongol tribes. He founded the Great Mongol Empire. The territory of modern Tuva was part of its structure.In the XIV century Mongolian empire disintegrated into separate states. Tuva was part of the Northern Yuan Empire, and Hotogoytskogo Dzhungarskiy khanate until 1758.After the defeat of the Khanate Dzhungarskiy Tuvan lands became part of the Chinese empire controlled by the Manchu Qing Dynasty. Tuva until 1912 was under the control of the State.After the Mongolian national revolution in 1911 Tuvan princes were divided into three groups: some Tuvans supported independence, while others have proposed to be part of Mongolia, and the rest were offered to join Russia. In 1912-1913 Tuvan noyons (ambyn Noyon combo Dorzhu , Chamzy Hambo Lama, Noyon-Daa khoshun Buyan Badyrgy and others) repeatedly appealed to the Czarist government of Russia to take Tuva under the protectorate of the Russian Empire.4 (17) April 1914 Emperor Nicholas II on the memo Foreign Minister SD Sazonov on the adoption of the population five khoshuns Uryankhay region under Russian patronage wrote: "I agree", thereby establishing a Russian protectorate over Tuva.
Since 1914 Tuva voluntarily entered under Russian protectorate called Uryankhai territory as part of the Yenisei province.June 18, 1918 in the province Uryankhay joint meeting of Russian and Tuvan Congresses, which was unanimously adopted by the Treaty on the self-determination of Tuva, Friendship and Mutual Assistance Russian and Tuvan people.In mid-1921, local Tuvan revolutionaries supported RSFSR, decided to proclaim the national sovereignty of Tuva, was formed the independent People's Republic of Tannu Tuva.Tuvan People's Republic had a constitution, flag, coat of arms, gold reserves, budget and authorized representative of the USSR and the Mongolian People's Republic.Was recognized by the Soviet Union in 1924 and Mongolia in 1926, but was not recognized by China, and most countries in the world rely Tuva part of China.
From June 1941 to August 1944 Tuvan People's Republic in the USSR supplied 50 thousand steeds, and more than 700 thousand.Since 1943, the Tuvan volunteers participated in the battles of the Great Patriotic War and for Military Merit were awarded orders and medals of the USSR and the People's Republic of Tuva.
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